Terrain
There are two different forms of terrain, which interact with movement differently.
Difficult Ground
Difficult Ground covers most forms of area terrain - woods, shrubland, marshes, rubble, and the like. All distances in the area count as double for the purposes of movement. As such, trying to cross 1" of woodland would use 2" of movement.
This can be distinguished from Very Difficult Terrain, which covers such things as shallow rivers and coastlines, which counts as quadruple the normal distance for the purposes of movement. As such, trying to cross 1" of river would use 4" of movement.
Linear Obstacles
Linear Obstacles cover such things as walls and hedges. Crossing a Linear Obstacle that is half your height uses up half of your Movement Rate. Crossing one and half times your height uses an entire phase. Any higher is impassable without sufficient aids. Linear obstacles provide a great deal of protection from shooting - provided the model being shot is within one inch and the shooter isn't, the target has cover as indicated.
Buildings are covered in their own page.
Impassable Terrain, such as rocks and wagons, prevent movement and Line of Sight through them entirely. Models partially obscured by the corner of the terrain are granted cover.
Specific Terrain and Shooting
Hills, Large Boulders, and Buildings
Block Line of Sight completely behind them. Models at windows and doors are granted Cover.
Positive Linear Obstacles
Linear Obstacles that raise upwards, such as hedges and walls, block Line of Sight completely. It is possible to see and be seen if you are a ranged unit within one inch of the obstacle, representing looking over the top for shooting - though this is only the case of the model would still be visible behind it due to its height.
Negative Linear Obstacles
Negative obstacles that descend downwards, such as trenches and pits, do not block line of sight, but do provide cover to models within 1".
Woods
More than two inches of woodland block Line of Sight. Similarly, Ranges are reduced within the woods, preventing shooting more than 2" - though those shooting out from inside the Wood may do so if they are within two inches of the wood's edge. All those within a wood are granted cover.
Cover
There are two forms of cover: Hard and Soft. Hard cover is presented by anything solid or constructed, such as rocks, walls, and buildings. Soft cover is granted by intermittent or otherwise partial terrain, such as woods, wagons, or bushes.
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